Bottleneck Capital
Long/Short Investor, Technology, Media & Telecom
The shift to bi-merge credit reports may not shrink Fair Isaac's profit pool: it makes pulling both scores more economical for lenders, and credit-file gaming could shift more economics to FICO as it moves to alternative pricing. FICO can earn the same whether its score is used upfront or later in origination; what matters is how many funded loans avoid FICO entirely and what it earns on retained usage. x.com x.comÂ
FICO's selloff may price the wrong outcome, since lenders can still value pulling both scores. Pulte says the GSEs will use one pricing grid, and if that removes VantageScore's 20-point bucket offset, VantageScore gets more competitive on price; Rocket plans to make it the default on eligible direct loans in Q4. This is not a wholesale switch: investment homes, home equity, FHA and jumbo still use FICO. The view changes if paid FICO pulls and realized fees fall with VantageScore adoption. x.com x.comÂ
Fair Isaac looks insanely cheap at its lowest P/E in well over a decade, with fundamentals that still look beautiful. Per @stock_analysisx, the derating follows the US government's move to end FICO's mortgage scoring monopoly, leaving the stock at its lowest P/E since 2013. x.com x.comÂ
FICO looks fairly cheap given how sticky its scores are: lenders have little reason to switch to VantageScore over something they have history with, since the score's cost is tiny relative to bad debt on a loan. A replying post counters that FICO must fight the VantageScore adoption trend after pricing-power abuse drew the administration's ire, leaving open where earnings power settles. x.com x.comÂ
FICO is being disrupted, though not dying, and its moat is more fragile than it looks. Most banks' own scoring models are equal to or better than FICO's and are used alongside it. FICO's real moat is the level playing field its score gives the institutional and resale mortgage markets, so it is truly over for FICO if Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac switch to VantageScore. x.com x.com x.comÂ
FICO's competitive position looks safer because the GSEs' pricing grid neutralizes VantageScore's automatic pricing edge. VantageScore 4.0 has its own loan-level pricing grid that adjusts thresholds so a VantageScore is treated roughly like a Classic FICO score minus about 20 points, matching VantageScore's typical uplift. That avoids a setup that would have more heavily favored VantageScore over FICO. x.comÂ
Fair Isaac's moat has narrowed but not disappeared, so the selloff over VantageScore may be an opportunity. FHFA Director Bill Pulte let all Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac lenders use VantageScore 4.0, ending FICO's effective mortgage monopoly, and floated a cheaper bi-merge model. That brings a lower-cost rival and threatens pricing power. But FICO is deeply embedded in lender systems, underwriting, securitizations and decades of data. It works only if valuation leaves a margin of safety. x.comÂ
Fair Isaac's moat is eroding as mortgage lenders gain a cheaper alternative on equal terms. Per Wall St Engine, FHFA said Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac will move to one pricing grid that puts VantageScore alongside Classic FICO, removing VantageScore's 20-point disadvantage so its borrowers also reach the top band at 780+. VantageScore costs about $0.99 per score versus roughly $10 for FICO. x.comÂ
S&P Global's moat may be weaker than its ratings pricing power suggests, and its gross profit dollars are likely to come under pressure as AI does more of the work, even if margins rise. FICO and the credit bureaus once looked just as required and oligopolistic until Vantage, with regulatory help, built a better product and upended pricing. The market is skeptical of historical data resale, as with CoStar and Verisk; the index business looks durable. x.comÂ
FICO is trading at its lowest valuation of the decade, about 13x forward earnings for what is essentially a duopoly, which is attractive. @thejmkane counters that it is no longer really a monopoly, but a duopoly at 13x is not so bad. x.com x.comÂ
Pulte's move to treat VantageScore on par with FICO loosens how mortgage credit is priced rather than making homes more affordable. Pulte claims it saves $1,600 per Rocket closing, yet the score fee gap is about $9; the real change is VantageScore 4.0 running up to 20 points higher. That may push home prices up. VantageScore was never tested through the financial crisis or for negative convexity, which MBS buyers must know, so they are expected to push back. x.com x.com x.comÂ
Equifax, TransUnion and Experian face a likely shift from tri-merge to bi-merge mortgage credit reports, cutting reports sold per loan in a high-margin, recurring product. FHFA Director Bill Pulte accused them of cartel-like overcharging that will end soon and said FHFA is seriously considering bi-merge and stronger solutions. Letting all lenders use VantageScore 4.0 should in theory help the bureaus, but they may have more bad news than Fair Isaac. x.comÂ
